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Louis-Victor-Pierre-Raymond
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The first recorded ascent of Triglav26.8.1778

Wikipedia (15 Apr 2014, 13:42)

Triglav is with its elevation of 2,864 metres (9,396 ft) the highest mountain in Slovenia and the highest peak of the Julian Alps. The mountain is the preeminent symbol of the Slovene nation. It is the centerpiece of Triglav National Park, Slovenia's only national park.


Name

Various names have been used for the mountain through history. An old map from 1567 named it Ocra mons, whereas Johann Weikhard von Valvasor named it Krma in the second half of the 17th century. According to the German mountaineer and professor Adolf Gstirner, the name Triglav first appeared in written sources as Terglau in 1452, but the original source has been lost. The next known occurrence of Terglau is cited by Gstirner and is from a court description of the border in 1573. Early attestations of the name of the mountain also include Terglau in 1612 (and Terglou in 1664, and Terklou in 1778–89). The name is derived from the compound *Tri-golvъ (literally 'three-head'—that is, 'three peaks'), which may be understood literally because the mountain has three peaks when viewed from much of Upper Carniola. It is unlikely that the name has any connection to the Slavic deity Triglav. In the local dialect, the name is pronounced Tərgwòu̯ (with second-syllable accent) in contrast to standard Slovene Tríglav.


History

The ascent of Triglav was connected with the competition between Slovenes and Germans. The first recorded ascent of Triglav was achieved on 26 August 1778 by Luka Korošec, Matevž Kos, Štefan Rožič and Lovrenc Willomitzer, on the initiative of the industrialist and polymath Sigmund Zois.

Triglav's height was first measured in 1808 by Valentin Stanič. The first map its name appeared on was Zemljovid Slovenske dežele in pokrajin (Map of Slovene Lands and Provinces) by Peter Kozler. He drew it in 1848 and published it in Vienna in 1861.

During World War II, Triglav symbolically captured the primary drive for the Slovene resistance to the Fascist and Nazi armies, a national liberation. The Slovene Partisans wore the Triglav cap from 1942 until after 1944.

Triglav was the highest peak of (now defunct) Yugoslavia; it was both the most prominent peak and, together with the southern Vardar River (now in Republic of Macedonia), the symbol of Yugoslav "brotherhood and unity".

   
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